AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol 266, Issue 4 E548-E559, Copyright © 1994 by American Physiological Society

ARTICLES

Development and regulation of glucose transporter and hexokinase expression in rat

C. Postic, A. Leturque, R. L. Printz, P. Maulard, M. Loizeau, D. K. Granner and J. Girard
Centre de Recherche sur l'Endocrinologie Moleculaire et le Developpement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Meudon Bellevue, France.

The ontogenesis of the glucose transporters GLUT-1, GLUT-2, and GLUT-4 and the hexokinases HK-I, HK-II, and HK-IV (glucokinase) was studied in rat tissues. In brown adipose tissue, high levels of GLUT-4 and HK-II were observed during fetal life; both decreased at birth and then increased throughout development. At birth, cold exposure increased GLUT-4 and HK-II expression in brown adipose tissue, whereas fasting decreased it. GLUT-1 and HK-I were present in fetal muscle, but GLUT-4 and HK-II were absent. The coordinate appearance of GLUT-4 and HK-II in skeletal muscle was concomitant with the acquisition of insulin sensitivity after weaning. In the heart, the glucose transporter isoform switched from GLUT-1 to GLUT-4 during the suckling period. The coordinate expression of GLUT-4 and HK-II in heart was observed after weaning. GLUT-2, detected in fetal liver, increased throughout development. GLUT-1 and HK-I were detectable in fetal liver, whereas glucokinase appeared after weaning. Consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet after weaning increased GLUT-4 and HK-II in muscle and GLUT-2 in liver, whereas consumption of a high-fat diet prevented these changes. These results showed that 1) GLUT-1 and HK-I are abundant in most fetal rat tissues, 2) GLUT-4 and HK-II expression is associated with the appearance of tissue insulin sensitivity, and 3) GLUT-2 is expressed early in liver, before the appearance of glucokinase.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				Y. Lin, M. J. Brady, K. Wolanske, R. Holbert, N. B. Ruderman, and G. C. Yaney Alterations of nPKC distribution, but normal Akt/PKB activation in denervated rat soleus muscle Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 2002; 283(2): E318 - E325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Riu, A. Mas, T. Ferre, A. Pujol, L. Gros, P. Otaegui, L. Montoliu, and F. Bosch Counteraction of Type 1 Diabetic Alterations by Engineering Skeletal Muscle to Produce Insulin: Insights From Transgenic Mice Diabetes, March 1, 2002; 51(3): 704 - 711. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. S. Anderson, J. He, J. Flowers-Ziegler, S. U. Devaskar, and W. W. Hay Jr. Effects of selective hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia on glucose transporters in fetal ovine skeletal muscle Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, October 1, 2001; 281(4): R1256 - R1263. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. B. Ritov and D. E. Kelley Hexokinase Isozyme Distribution in Human Skeletal Muscle Diabetes, June 1, 2001; 50(6): 1253 - 1262. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. Teerijoki, A. Krasnov, Y. Gorodilov, S. Krishna, and H. Molsa Rainbow trout glucose transporter (OnmyGLUT1): functional assessment in Xenopus laevis oocytes and expression in fish embryos J. Exp. Biol., January 8, 2001; 204(15): 2667 - 2673. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Gaster, J. Franch, P. Staehr, H. Beck-Nielsen, T. Smith, and H. D. Schroder Induction of GLUT-1 protein in adult human skeletal muscle fibers Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2000; 279(5): E1191 - E1195. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Gaster, A. Handberg, H. Beck-Nielsen, and H. D. Schroder Glucose transporter expression in human skeletal muscle fibers Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 2000; 279(3): E529 - E538. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Friehs, A. M. Moran, C. Stamm, S. D. Colan, K. Takeuchi, H. Cao-Danh, C. M. Rader, F. X. McGowan, and P. J. del Nido Impaired Glucose Transporter Activity in Pressure-Overload Hypertrophy Is an Early Indicator of Progression to Failure Circulation, November 9, 1999; 100(90002): II-187 - 193. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. M. Carver, I. A. Shibley Jr., D. S. Miles, J. S. Pennington, and S. N. Pennington Increased intracellular localization of brain GLUT-1 transporter in response to ethanol during chick embryogenesis Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, October 1, 1999; 277(4): E750 - E759. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Heikkinen, M. Pietila, M. Halmekyto, S. Suppola, E. Pirinen, S. S. Deeb, J. Janne, and M. Laakso Hexokinase II-deficient Mice. PRENATAL DEATH OF HOMOZYGOTES WITHOUT DISTURBANCES IN GLUCOSE TOLERANCE IN HETEROZYGOTES J. Biol. Chem., August 6, 1999; 274(32): 22517 - 22523. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Montessuit and A. Thorburn Transcriptional Activation of the Glucose Transporter GLUT1 in Ventricular Cardiac Myocytes by Hypertrophic Agonists J. Biol. Chem., March 26, 1999; 274(13): 9006 - 9012. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				U. G. Das, R. E. Schroeder, W. W. Hay Jr., and S. U. Devaskar Time-dependent and tissue-specific effects of circulating glucose on fetal ovine glucose transporters Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, March 1, 1999; 276(3): R809 - R817. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Puskas, P. Marcolongo, S. L. Watkins, J. Mandl, B. B. Allan, P. Houston, A. Burchell, A. Benedetti, and G. Banhegyi Conformational Change of the Catalytic Subunit of Glucose-6-phosphatase in Rat Liver during the Fetal-to-Neonatal Transition J. Biol. Chem., January 1, 1999; 274(1): 117 - 122. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. A. Rajakumar, S. Thamotharan, R. K. Menon, and S. U. Devaskar Sp1 and Sp3 Regulate Transcriptional Activity of the Facilitative Glucose Transporter Isoform-3 Gene in Mammalian Neuroblasts and Trophoblasts J. Biol. Chem., October 16, 1998; 273(42): 27474 - 27483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Thorens, M.-T. Guillam, F. Beermann, R. Burcelin, and M. Jaquet Transgenic Reexpression of GLUT1 or GLUT2 in Pancreatic beta Cells Rescues GLUT2-null Mice from Early Death and Restores Normal Glucose-stimulated Insulin Secretion J. Biol. Chem., July 28, 2000; 275(31): 23751 - 23758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]